Operating device

ABSTRACT

An operating device comprises a base member and an operating member. The base member is configured to be mounted to one of a dropdown portion and a bar end portion of a handlebar. The base member includes a cylinder bore and a reservoir bore. The cylinder bore has a cylinder center axis. The reservoir bore has a reservoir center axis. The operating member is pivotally coupled to the base member about a pivot axis. The cylinder center axis is offset from the reservoir center axis in a pivot axis direction parallel to the pivot axis and in a perpendicular direction perpendicular to both the pivot axis and the cylinder center axis.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an operating device.

Discussion of the Background

A human-powered vehicle includes an operating device configured to operate an operated component of the human-powered vehicle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, an operating device comprises a base member and an operating member. The base member is configured to be mounted to one of a dropdown portion and a bar end portion of a handlebar. The base member includes a cylinder bore and a reservoir bore. The cylinder bore has a cylinder center axis. The reservoir bore has a reservoir center axis. The operating member is pivotally coupled to the base member about a pivot axis. The cylinder center axis is offset from the reservoir center axis in a pivot axis direction parallel to the pivot axis and in a perpendicular direction perpendicular to both the pivot axis and the cylinder center axis.

With the operating device according to the first aspect, it is possible to effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member. This can make the base member compact and/or can make the cylinder bore and/or the reservoir bore larger.

In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the first aspect is configured so that the pivot axis is provided above the cylinder center axis as viewed along the cylinder center axis in a mounting state where the base member is mounted to the handlebar.

With the operating device according to the second aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, an operating device comprises a base member and an operating member. The base member is configured to be mounted to one of a dropdown portion and a bar end portion of a handlebar. The base member includes a cylinder bore and a reservoir bore. The cylinder bore has a cylinder center axis. The reservoir bore has a reservoir center axis. The operating member is pivotally coupled to the base member about a pivot axis. The pivot axis is provided above the cylinder center axis as viewed along the cylinder center axis in a mounting state where the base member is mounted to the handlebar. The cylinder center axis is offset from the reservoir center axis in a pivot axis direction parallel to the pivot axis.

With the operating device according to the third aspect, it is possible to effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member. This can make the base member compact and/or can make the cylinder bore and/or the reservoir bore larger.

In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the third aspect is configured so that the pivot axis is provided above the reservoir center axis as viewed along the cylinder center axis in the mounting state.

With the operating device according to the fourth aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a fifth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is configured so that the reservoir center axis is provided above the cylinder center axis as viewed along the cylinder center axis in a mounting state where the base member is mounted to the handlebar.

With the operating device according to the fifth aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a sixth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects is configured so that the cylinder center axis extends along the reservoir center axis.

With the operating device according to the sixth aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a seventh aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the sixth aspect is configured so that the cylinder center axis is parallel to the reservoir center axis.

With the operating device according to the seventh aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with an eighth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects is configured so that the reservoir bore has a cylindrical shape extending along the reservoir center axis.

With the operating device according to the eighth aspect, it is possible to improve productivity of the base member.

In accordance with a ninth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the first to eighth aspects is configured so that the cylinder bore has a cylinder maximum inner diameter. The reservoir bore has a reservoir maximum inner diameter. A first offset distance is defined between the cylinder center axis and the reservoir center axis in the pivot axis direction. The first offset distance is smaller than at least one of the cylinder maximum inner diameter and the reservoir maximum inner diameter.

With the operating device according to the ninth aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a tenth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the ninth aspect is configured so that the first offset distance is smaller than at least one of a half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter and a half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter.

With the operating device according to the tenth aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the ninth or tenth aspect is configured so that a second offset distance is defined between the cylinder center axis and the reservoir center axis in the perpendicular direction perpendicular to both the pivot axis and the cylinder center axis. The first offset distance is smaller the second offset distance.

With the operating device according to the eleventh aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a twelfth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the eleventh aspect is configured so that the second offset distance is larger than at least one of a half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter and a half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter.

With the operating device according to the twelfth aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the twelfth aspect is configured so that the second offset distance is larger than at least one of the cylinder maximum inner diameter and the reservoir maximum inner diameter.

With the operating device according to the thirteenth aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects is configured so that the cylinder bore has a cylinder maximum inner diameter. The reservoir bore has a reservoir maximum inner diameter. The reservoir maximum inner diameter is larger than the cylinder maximum inner diameter.

With the operating device according to the fourteenth aspect, it is possible to more effectively arrange the cylinder bore and the reservoir bore in the base member.

In accordance with a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, an operating device comprises a base member, an operating member, and a piston. The base member includes a cylinder bore and a hole. The cylinder bore has a cylinder center axis. The hole extends from the cylinder bore to an end opening. The end opening is provided below the cylinder center axis in a mounting state where the base member is mounted to a handlebar. The operating member is pivotally coupled to the base member about a pivot axis. The piston is movably provided in the cylinder bore and is operatively coupled to the operating member to move relative to the base member in response to a pivotal movement of the operating member.

With the operating device according to the fifteenth aspect, it is possible to form another hole by using the hole, for example.

In accordance with a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the fifteenth aspect is configured so that the hole has a hole center axis inclined relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the pivot axis as viewed along the cylinder center axis.

With the operating device according to the sixteenth aspect, it is possible to avoid the reservoir bore when another hole is formed.

In accordance with a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the fifteenth or sixteenth aspect further comprises a plug provided in the hole to close the hole.

With the operating device according to the seventeenth aspect, it is possible to close the hole by the plug.

In accordance with an eighteenth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the seventeenth aspect is configured so that the plug is provided between the cylinder bore and the end opening.

With the operating device according to the eighteenth aspect, it is possible to prevent the plug from protruding from the base member.

In accordance with a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the seventeenth or eighteenth aspect is configured so that the plug is provided below the cylinder center axis in the mounting state.

With the operating device according to the nineteenth aspect, it is possible to easily remove air around the plug.

In accordance with a twentieth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the seventeenth to nineteenth aspects is configured so that the hole includes a threaded hole. The plug includes an externally threaded part threadedly engaged in the threaded hole.

With the operating device according to the twentieth aspect, it is possible to reliably close the hole by the plug.

In accordance with a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the seventeenth to twentieth aspect further comprises a stop pin attached to the base member. The plug is provided between the cylinder bore and the stop pin.

With the operating device according to the twenty-first aspect, the stop pin can stably position the plug on the base member.

In accordance with a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the fifteenth to twenty-first aspects is configured so that the base member includes an additional hole extending from the cylinder bore toward an opposite side of the hole.

With the operating device according to the twenty-second aspect, it is possible to form the additional hole by using the hole.

In accordance with a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the twenty-second aspect is configured so that the additional hole has an additional-hole center axis coaxial with the hole center axis.

With the operating device according to the twenty-third aspect, it is possible to easily form the additional hole by using the hole.

In accordance with a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the twenty-second or twenty-third aspect is configured so that the base member includes an output passageway. The additional hole connects the cylinder bore to the output passageway.

With the operating device according to the twenty-fourth aspect, it is possible to connect the cylinder bore to the output passageway through the additional hole.

In accordance with a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the twenty-second to twenty-fourth aspects is configured so that the base member includes a reservoir bore. The additional hole extends from the cylinder bore to avoid the reservoir bore as viewed along the cylinder center axis.

With the operating device according to the twenty-fifth aspect, it is possible to avoid interference between the additional hole and the reservoir bore.

In accordance with a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the first to twenty-fifth aspects is configured so that the base member includes a first end portion, a second end portion, and a grip portion. The first end portion is configured to be coupled to the handlebar. The second end portion is opposite to the first end portion. The grip portion is provided between the first end portion and the second end portion.

With the operating device according to the twenty-sixth aspect, it is possible to apply the base member to the operating device configured to be mounted to a dropdown handlebar, for example.

In accordance with a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to any one of the first to twenty-sixth aspects further comprises an electrical switch configured to receive a user input.

With the operating device according to the twenty-seventh aspect, it is possible to operate an electric device.

In accordance with a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention, the operating device according to the twenty-seventh aspect is configured so that the electrical switch is provided on the operating member.

With the operating device according to the twenty-eighth aspect, it is possible to arrange the electrical switch in a position where the user can easily operate the electrical switch.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an operating device in accordance with a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the operating device taken along line of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is another perspective view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the operating device in accordance with a modification of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of the operating device in accordance with another modification of the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a side elevational view of the operating device in accordance with another modification of the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 is another side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 10 is a partial enlarged side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 11 is another partial enlarged side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the operating device taken along line XII-XII of FIG. 4.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the operating device taken along line XIII-XIII of FIG. 12.

FIG. 14 is a partial enlarged side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with a grip cover omitted.

FIG. 15 is another partial enlarged side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 16 is another partial enlarged side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 17 is another partial enlarged side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 18 is another perspective view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the operating device taken along line XIX-XIX of FIG. 12.

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the operating device taken along line XX-XX of FIG. 12.

FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the operating device taken along line XXI-XXI of FIG. 12.

FIG. 22 is an exploded perspective view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 23 is another perspective view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 24 is a top view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 25 is a partial perspective view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 27 is a schematic block diaphragm of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1.

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of the operating device taken along line XXVIII-XXVIII of FIG. 26.

FIG. 29 is a partial side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 1, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 30 is a partial side elevational view of an operating device in accordance with a second embodiment, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 31 is another partial side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 29, with the grip cover omitted.

FIG. 32 is a front view of an operating device in accordance with a third embodiment.

FIG. 33 is a side elevational view of the operating device illustrated in FIG. 32.

FIG. 34 is a top view of an operating device in accordance with a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 35 is a top view of an operating device in accordance with a modification of the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view of a grip cover of the operating device taken along line XXXVI-XXXVI of FIG. 34.

FIG. 37 is a top view of an operating device in accordance with a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view of a grip cover of the operating device taken along line XXXVIII-XXXVIII of FIG. 37.

FIG. 39 is a top view of an operating device in accordance with a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view of a grip cover of the operating device taken along line XL-XL of FIG. 39.

FIG. 41 is a top view of an operating device in accordance with a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 42 is a top view of an operating device in accordance with an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 43 is a top view of an operating device in accordance with a ninth embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The embodiment(s) will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding or identical elements throughout the various drawings.

First Embodiment

As seen in FIG. 1, an operating device 10 in accordance with a first embodiment is configured to be mounted to a handlebar HB of a human-powered vehicle VH. The operating device 10 is configured to be connected to a hydraulic operated device 2 with a hydraulic hose 3. The operating device 10 is configured to be connected to an electric device 4 with an electric control cable 5. The operating device 10 is configured to be connected to an electric device 6 with the electric control cable 5. In this embodiment, the hydraulic operated device 2 includes a brake caliper. The electric device 4 includes an electric shifting device configured to change a gear position of the human-powered vehicle VH. The electric device 6 includes an additional device (e.g., an adjustable seatpost) other than the electric shifting device. However, the hydraulic operated device 2 is not limited to the brake caliper. The electric device 4 is not limited to the electric shifting device. The electric device 6 is not limited to the adjustable seatpost. In this embodiment, the operating device 10 is a right-hand side operating device. However, the operating device 10 can be a left-hand side operating device.

In the present application, the following directional terms “front,” “rear,” “forward,” “rearward,” “left,” “right,” “transverse,” “upward” and “downward” as well as any other similar directional terms refer to those directions which are determined on the basis of a user (e.g., a rider) who sits on a saddle of the human-powered vehicle VH (e.g., a bicycle) with facing the handlebar HB. Accordingly, these terms, as utilized to describe the operating device 10, should be interpreted relative to the human-powered vehicle VH (e.g., a bicycle) equipped with the operating device 10 as used in an upright riding position on a horizontal surface.

For example, the human-powered vehicle VH is a vehicle to travel with a motive power including at least a human power of a rider who rides the human-powered vehicle VH. The human-powered vehicle VH has an arbitrary number of wheels. For example, the human-powered vehicle VH has at least one wheel. In this embodiment, the human-powered vehicle VH preferably has a smaller size than that of a four-wheeled automobile. However, the human-powered vehicle VH can have an arbitrary size. For example, the human-powered vehicle VH can have a larger size than that of the four-wheeled automobile. Examples of the human-powered vehicle VH include a bicycle, a tricycle, and a kick scooter. In this embodiment, the human-powered vehicle VH is a bicycle. An electric assisting system including an electric motor can be applied to the human-powered vehicle VH (e.g., the bicycle) to assist muscular motive power of the rider. Namely, the human-powered vehicle VH can be an E-bike.

The operating device 10 comprises a base member 12 and an operating member 14. The operating member 14 is pivotally coupled to the base member 12 about a pivot axis A1. The base member 12 is configured to be mounted to one of a dropdown portion and a bar end portion of a handlebar. In this embodiment, the base member 12 is configured to be mounted to a dropdown portion HB1 of the handlebar HB. However, the base member 12 can be configured to be mounted to a bar end portion of a handlebar.

The operating member 14 includes a proximal end 14A and a distal end 14B opposite to the proximal end 14A. The operating member 14 is pivotally coupled to the base member 12 at the proximal end 14A about the pivot axis A1. The operating member 14 extends from the proximal end 14A to the distal end 14B. The distal end 14B constitutes a free end of the operating member 14. A pivot axis direction D1 is parallel to the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 2, the operating member 14 includes a lever recess 14C provided between the proximal end 14A and the distal end 14B to receive a rider's finger (digit). The operating member 14 includes a projection 14D provided between the proximal end 14A and the lever recess 14C. In this embodiment, the operating member 14 includes a contact surface 14C1 provided in the lever recess 14C to be contactable with the rider's finger (digit). The contact surface 14C1 has a substantially linear outline as viewed along the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 3, the contact surface 14C1 has a curved convex outline in a cross-sectional view. Namely, the contact surface 14C1 includes a curved convex surface. However, the contact surface 14C1 can include a flat surface or other type of surface instead of or in addition to the curved surface.

The operating member 14 can at least partly have a surface treatment to suppress the slip of the rider's finger relative to the operating member 14. Examples of such surface treatment include an anti-skid coating (e.g., rubber coating or rubber like coating) and a roughness treatment (e.g., shot blasting). Such surface treatment can be provided on the contact surface 14C1 or other surfaces of the operating member 14.

As seen in FIG. 2, the operating member 14 is pivotable relative to the base member 12 about the pivot axis A1 from a rest position P11 to an operated position P12. In the present application, the term “rest position” as used herein refers to a position at which a movable part such as the operating member 14 remains stationary in a state where the movable part is not operated by the user. The term “operated position” as used herein refers to a position at which the movable part has been operated by the user to perform the operation of the hydraulic operated device 2.

The base member 12 includes a first end portion 16, a second end portion 18, and a grip portion 20. The first end portion 16 is configured to be coupled to the handlebar HB. The first end portion 16 includes a handlebar contact surface 16A configured to be in contact with the handlebar HB in a state where the first end portion 16 is coupled to the handlebar HB. The second end portion 18 is opposite to the first end portion 16. The grip portion 20 is provided between the first end portion 16 and the second end portion 18. The base member 12 extends between the first end portion 16 and the second end portion 18 in a longitudinal direction D2 perpendicular to the pivot axis A1. In this embodiment, the base member 12 includes a pommel portion 21. The pommel portion 21 is provided at the second end portion 18. The pommel portion 21 forwardly upwardly extends from the second end portion 18 in a mounting state where the base member 12 is mounted to the handlebar HB. The pommel portion 21 can be omitted from the base member 12.

As seen in FIG. 4, the base member 12 includes a first lateral surface 22 and a second lateral surface 24. The second lateral surface 24 is provided on a reverse side of the first lateral surface 22 in the pivot axis direction D1 parallel to the pivot axis A1. The first lateral surface 22 faces in the pivot axis direction D1. The second lateral surface 24 faces in the pivot axis direction D1.

In this embodiment, the first lateral surface 22 faces in a first pivot axis direction D11 defined parallel to the pivot axis direction D1. The second lateral surface 24 faces in a second pivot axis direction D12 defined parallel to the pivot axis direction D1. The second pivot axis direction D12 is an opposite direction of the first pivot axis direction D11. The first lateral surface 22 faces a vehicle-center plane CP of the human-powered vehicle VH in a mounting state where the operating device 10 is mounted to the handlebar HB (FIG. 1). The vehicle-center plane CP is perpendicular to the pivot axis A1 in the mounting state. The first lateral surface 22 is provided closer to the vehicle-center plane CP than the second lateral surface 24 in the pivot axis direction D1 in the mounting state.

As seen in FIG. 5, the base member 12 includes a first positioning portion 26. The first positioning portion 26 can also be referred to as a first holding portion 26. The first positioning (holding) portion 26 is provided on the first lateral surface 22. The first positioning portion 26 is configured to position a rider's finger F (FIG. 4) (at the first lateral surface 22).

As seen in FIG. 4, the rider's finger F includes a thumb F1 of the rider. The first positioning portion 26 is configured to position the thumb F1 of the rider. However, the first positioning portion 26 can be configured to position a finger other than the thumb F1. In this embodiment, the rider's finger F can also be referred to as a rider's digit F.

In this embodiment, the first positioning portion 26 includes a first recess 28. The first recess 28 is configured to position the rider's finger F. The first recess 28 is configured to position the thumb F1 of the rider. However, the first recess 28 can be configured to position a finger other than the thumb F1.

The lever recess 14C is provided between the proximal end 14A and the distal end 14B to receive at least one rider's finger F. The operating member 14 includes a first side surface 14E and a second side surface 14F. The first side surface 14E faces in the pivot axis direction D1. The second side surface 14F faces in the pivot axis direction D1. The second side surface 14F is provided on a reverse side of the first side surface 14E in the pivot axis direction D1. The first side surface 14E is provided closer to the first lateral surface 22 than the second side surface 14F in the pivot axis direction D1. The second side surface 14F is provided closer to the second lateral surface 24 than the first side surface 14E in the pivot axis direction D1. The lever recess 14C extends from the first side surface 14E to the second side surface 14F in the pivot axis direction D1.

The lever recess 14C includes a first recess end line 14G and a second recess end line 14H. The first recess end line 14G is provided between the proximal end 14A and the second recess end line 14H. The second recess end line 14H is provided between the distal end 14B and the first recess end line 14G.

The first recess end line 14G includes a first end point 14G1 and a first additional end point 14G2. The first recess end line 14G extends from the first end point 14G1 to the first additional end point 14G2. The first end point 14G1 is closer to the first side surface 14E than the first additional end point 14G2 in the pivot axis direction D1. The first recess end line 14G is inclined relative to the pivot axis direction D1 such that the first additional end point 14G2 is closer to the proximal end 14A than the first end point 14G1. However, the first recess end line 14G can be substantially parallel to the pivot axis direction D1, and a distance from the first additional end point 14G2 to the proximal end 14A can be equal to a distance from the first end point 14G1 to the proximal end 14A.

The second recess end line 14H includes a second end point 14H1 and a second additional end point 14H2. The second recess end line 14H extends from the second end point 14H1 to the second additional end point 14H2. The second end point 14H1 is closer to the first side surface 14E than the second additional end point 14H2 in the pivot axis direction D1. The second recess end line 14H is inclined relative to the pivot axis direction D1 such that the second additional end point 14H2 is closer to the proximal end 14A than the second end point 14H1. However, the second recess end line 14H can be substantially parallel to the pivot axis direction D1, and a distance from the second additional end point 14H2 to the proximal end 14A can be equal to a distance from the second end point 14H1 to the proximal end 14A.

In this embodiment, as seen in FIG. 2, the operating member 14 includes the lever recess 14C and the projection 14D. As seen in FIG. 6, however, the lever recess 14C can be omitted from the operating member 14. As seen in FIG. 7, the projection 14D can be omitted from the operating member 14. As seen in FIG. 8, both the lever recess 14C and the projection 14D can be omitted from the operating member 14.

As seen in FIG. 5, the base member 12 includes a first lateral protuberance 30. The first lateral protuberance 30 is provided on the first lateral surface 22 to define the first positioning portion 26 at least partly. In this embodiment, the first lateral protuberance 30 is provided on the first lateral surface 22 to define the first positioning portion 26 entirely. However, the first lateral protuberance 30 can be provided on the first lateral surface 22 to define the first positioning portion 26 partly.

As seen in FIG. 1, the base member 12 further includes a second positioning portion 32. The second positioning portion 32 is provided on the second lateral surface 24. The second positioning portion 32 is configured to position a rider's another finger F (FIG. 4).

As seen in FIG. 4, the rider's another finger F includes an index finger F2 of the rider. The second positioning portion 32 is configured to position the index finger F2 of the rider. However, the second positioning portion 32 can be configured to position a finger other than the index finger F2.

In this embodiment, the second positioning portion 32 includes a second recess 34. The second recess 34 is configured to position the rider's another finger F. The second recess 34 is configured to position the index finger F2 of the rider. However, the second recess 34 can be configured to position a finger other than the index finger F2.

As seen in FIG. 1, the base member 12 includes a second lateral protuberance 36. The second lateral protuberance 36 is provided on the second lateral surface 24 to define the second positioning portion 32 at least partly. In this embodiment, the second lateral protuberance 36 is provided on the second lateral surface 24 to define the second positioning portion 32 entirely. However, the second lateral protuberance 36 can be provided on the second lateral surface 24 to define the second positioning portion 32 partly.

As seen in FIG. 4, the first lateral surface 22 has a first ridge line RL11 as viewed in the longitudinal direction D2 (FIG. 2). The second lateral surface 24 has a second ridge line RL21 as viewed in the longitudinal direction D2. The first recess 28 is recessed from the first ridge line RL11 of the first lateral surface 22 in the pivot axis direction D1 as viewed in the longitudinal direction D2. The second recess 34 is recessed from the second ridge line RL21 of the second lateral surface 24 in the pivot axis direction D1 as viewed in the longitudinal direction D2.

As seen in FIG. 10, the first positioning portion 26 has a first area AR11 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. The first area AR11 is indicated with a chain line. As seen in FIG. 11, the second positioning portion 32 has a second area AR21 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. The second area AR21 is indicated with a chain double-dashed line. As seen in FIGS. 10 and 11, the first area AR11 of the first positioning portion 26 at least partly overlaps with the second area AR21 of the second positioning portion 32 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. In this embodiment, the first area AR11 of the first positioning portion 26 partly overlaps with the second area AR21 of the second positioning portion as viewed along the pivot axis A1. However, the first area AR11 of the first positioning portion 26 can entirely overlap with the second area AR21 of the second positioning portion as viewed along the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 10, the first recess 28 has a first recess area AR12 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. The first recess area AR12 is indicated with a dot-line. As seen in FIG. 11, the second recess 34 has a second recess area AR22 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. The second recess area AR22 is indicated with a dot-line. As seen in FIGS. 10 and 11, the first recess area AR12 of the first recess 28 at least partly overlaps with the second recess area AR22 of the second recess 34 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. In this embodiment, the first recess area AR12 of the first recess 28 entirely overlaps with the second recess area AR22 of the second positioning portion as viewed along the pivot axis A1. However, the first recess area AR12 of the first recess 28 can partly overlap with the second recess area AR22 of the second positioning portion as viewed along the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 12, the base member 12 includes a base body 38 and a grip cover 40. The grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38 to at least partly cover the base body 38. In this embodiment, the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38 to entirely cover the base body 38. The grip cover 40 is detachably attached to the base body 38. However, the grip cover 40 can be attached to the base body 38 to partly cover the base body 38. The grip cover 40 can also be referred to as a cover member 40.

As seen in FIG. 4, the grip cover 40 (cover member) for the operating device 10 including the operating member 14 pivotally arranged about the pivot axis A1 comprises the first lateral surface 22, the second lateral surface 24, and the first positioning portion 26. Namely, the grip cover 40 includes the first lateral surface 22 and the first positioning portion 26. The grip cover 40 includes the second lateral surface 24 and the second positioning portion 32. However, the grip cover 40 can be omitted from the base member 12. In such embodiments, the base body 38 can include the first lateral surface 22 and the first positioning portion 26. The base body 38 includes the second lateral surface 24 and the second positioning portion 32.

As seen in FIG. 13, the second positioning portion 32 is asymmetric to the first positioning portion 26 relative to a reference plane RP perpendicular to the pivot axis A1. However, the second positioning portion 32 can be symmetric to the first positioning portion 26 relative to the reference plane RP. The reference plane RP is defined to bisect a distance L1 between the first positioning portion 26 and the second positioning portion 32 in the pivot axis direction D1.

The base body 38 includes a first additional lateral surface 42 and a first additional positioning portion 44. The first additional lateral surface 42 is at least partly covered with the grip cover 40. The first additional positioning portion 44 is provided on the first additional lateral surface 42. The first additional positioning portion 44 includes a first additional recess 46. The first additional positioning portion 44 includes a first additional lateral protuberance 47. The first additional lateral protuberance 47 is provided on the first additional lateral surface 42 to define the first additional recess 46 at least partly. In this embodiment, the first additional lateral surface 42 is entirely covered with the grip cover 40. The first additional lateral protuberance 47 is provided on the first additional lateral surface 42 to define the first additional recess 46 entirely. However, the first additional lateral surface 42 can be partly covered with the grip cover 40. The first additional lateral protuberance 47 can be provided on the first additional lateral surface 42 to define the first additional recess 46 partly.

The base body 38 includes a second additional lateral surface 48. The base body 38 includes a second additional positioning portion 50. The second additional lateral surface 48 is at least partly covered with the grip cover 40. The second additional positioning portion 50 is provided on the second additional lateral surface 48. The second additional positioning portion 50 includes a second additional recess 52. The second additional positioning portion 50 includes a second additional lateral protuberance 53. The second additional lateral protuberance 53 is provided on the second additional lateral surface 48 to define the second additional recess 52 at least partly. In this embodiment, the second additional lateral surface 48 is entirely covered with the grip cover 40. The second additional lateral protuberance 53 is provided on the second additional lateral surface 48 to define the second additional recess 52 entirely. However, the second additional lateral surface 48 can be partly covered with the grip cover 40. The second additional lateral protuberance 53 can be provided on the second additional lateral surface 48 to define the second additional recess 52 partly.

The grip cover 40 includes a first inner surface 56 and a second inner surface 58. The first inner surface 56 is provided on a reverse side of the first lateral surface 22 in the pivot axis direction D1. The first inner surface 56 faces the first additional lateral surface 42 in a state where the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38. The second inner surface 58 is provided on a reverse side of the second lateral surface 24 in the pivot axis direction D1. The second inner surface 58 is spaced apart from the first inner surface 56 in the pivot axis direction D1. The second inner surface 58 faces the second additional lateral surface 48 in the state where the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38. In this embodiment, the first inner surface 56 is in contact with the first additional lateral surface 42 in the state where the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38. The second inner surface 58 is in contact with the second additional lateral surface 48 in the state where the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38.

The grip cover 40 includes a first inner protuberance 60. The first inner protuberance 60 is provided on the first inner surface 56. The first inner protuberance 60 is provided in the first additional positioning portion 44 in the state where the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38. The first inner protuberance 60 is provided in the first additional recess 46 in the state where the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38. The first inner protuberance 60 has a shape complementary with the first additional recess 46.

The grip cover 40 includes a second inner protuberance 62. The second inner protuberance 62 is provided on the second inner surface 58. The second inner protuberance 62 is provided in the second additional positioning portion 50 in the state where the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38. The second inner protuberance 62 is provided in the second additional recess 52 in the state where the grip cover 40 is attached to the base body 38. The second inner protuberance 62 has a shape complementary with the second additional recess 52.

As seen in FIG. 14, the first additional positioning portion 44 has a first additional area AR13 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. The first additional area AR13 is indicated with a chain line different from the chain line of the first area AR11. The first area AR11 of the first positioning portion 26 at least partly overlaps with the first additional area AR13 of the first additional positioning portion 44 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. In this embodiment, the first area AR11 of the first positioning portion 26 partly overlaps with the first additional area AR13 of the first additional positioning portion 44 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. However, the first area AR11 of the first positioning portion 26 can entirely overlap with the first additional area AR13 of the first additional positioning portion 44 as viewed along the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 15, the second additional positioning portion 50 has a second additional area AR23 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. The second additional area AR23 is indicated with a chain double-dashed line different from the chain double-dashed line of the second area AR21. The second area AR21 of the second positioning portion 32 at least partly overlaps with the second additional area AR23 of the second additional positioning portion 50 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. In this embodiment, the second area AR21 of the second positioning portion 32 partly overlaps with the second additional area AR23 of the second additional positioning portion 50 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. However, the second area AR21 of the second positioning portion 32 can entirely overlap with the second additional area AR23 of the second additional positioning portion 50 as viewed along the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 16, the first area AR11 at least partly overlaps with the first additional area AR13, the second area AR21, and the second additional area AR23 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. In this embodiment, the first area AR11 partly overlaps with the first additional area AR13, the second area AR21, and the second additional area AR23 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. However, the first area AR11 can entirely overlap with the first additional area AR13, the second area AR21, and the second additional area AR23 as viewed along the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 17, the second area AR21 at least partly overlaps with the first area AR11, the first additional area AR13, and the second additional area AR23 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. In this embodiment, the second area AR21 partly overlaps with the first area AR11, the first additional area AR13, and the second additional area AR23 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. However, the second area AR21 can entirely overlap with the first area AR11, the first additional area AR13, and the second additional area AR23 as viewed along the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 12, the operating device 10 comprises a mounting member 64. The mounting member 64 is configured to couple the base member 12 to the handlebar HB. In this embodiment, the mounting member 64 is attached to the base body 38 of the base member 12. The mounting member 64 includes a clamp band 66 and a tightening structure 68. The tightening structure 68 is coupled to the clamp band 66 to tighten the clamp band 66.

As seen in FIG. 18, the tightening structure 68 includes a clamp bolt 70 and a clamp nut 72. The clamp bolt 70 is coupled to the clamp band 66. The clamp nut 72 is threadedly engaged with the clamp bolt 70.

As seen in FIG. 9, the base member 12 includes a reference surface 74. The reference surface 74 is configured to face upwardly in a mounting state where the first end portion 16 is coupled to the handlebar HB. The pommel portion 21 extends upwardly from the second end portion 18 in the mounting state. The pommel portion 21 is at least partly provided above the reference surface 74 in the mounting state. In this embodiment, the pommel portion 21 is partly provided above the reference surface 74 in the mounting state. However, the pommel portion 21 can be entirely provided above the reference surface 74 in the mounting surface.

The base member 12 includes a reverse surface 76. The reverse surface 76 is provided on a reverse side of the reference surface 74. The first positioning portion 26 is provided between the pommel portion 21 and the reverse surface 76 as viewed along the pivot axis A1. The reverse surface 76 is provided below the reference surface 74 in the mounting state.

The pommel portion 21 includes a first surface 78 and a second surface 80 provided farther from the first end portion 16 than the first surface 78. The base member 12 includes a curved surface 81 provided between the first surface 78 and the reference surface 74. A first angle AG1 is defined between the first surface 78 and the reference surface 74 and is equal to or smaller than 110 degrees. The first angle AG1 is equal to or smaller than 100 degrees. The first angle AG1 is equal to or larger than 70 degrees. The first angle AG1 is equal to or larger than 80 degrees. In this embodiment, the first angle AG1 is 92 degrees. However, the first angle AG1 is not limited to this embodiment and the above ranges.

A first axis distance AD1 is defined between the pivot axis A1 and the second end portion 18 in the longitudinal direction D2. The first axis distance AD1 is a maximum distance between the pivot axis A1 and the second end portion 18 in the longitudinal direction D2. The first axis distance AD1 ranges from 20 mm to 25 mm. In this embodiment, the first axis distance AD1 is 22.9 mm. However, the first axis distance AD1 is not limited to this embodiment and the above range.

A second axis distance AD2 is defined between the pivot axis A1 and the curved surface 81. The second axis distance AD2 is a minimum distance between the pivot axis A1 and the curved surface 81. The second axis distance AD2 ranges from 20 mm to 28 mm. In this embodiment, the second axis distance AD2 is 24.4 mm. However, the second axis distance AD2 is not limited to this embodiment and the above range.

A third axis distance AD3 is defined between the pivot axis A1 and the handlebar contact surface 16A of the first end portion 16 in the longitudinal direction D2. The third axis distance AD3 is a minimum distance between the pivot axis A1 and the handlebar contact surface 16A of the first end portion 16 in the longitudinal direction D2. The third axis distance AD3 ranges from 57 mm to 69 mm. In this embodiment, the third axis distance AD3 is 63 mm. However, the third axis distance AD3 is not limited to this embodiment and the above range. The third axis distance AD3 is larger than the first axis distance AD1 and the second axis distance AD2. However, the third axis distance AD3 can be equal to or smaller than at least one of the first axis distance AD1 and the second axis distance AD2.

As seen in FIG. 12, the operating device 10 further comprises a piston 82. The base member 12 includes a cylinder bore 83. The cylinder bore 83 has a cylinder center axis A2. The cylinder bore 83 extends along the cylinder center axis A2. The piston 82 is movably provided in the cylinder bore 83. The piston 82 is operatively coupled to the operating member 14 to move relative to the base member 12 in response to a pivotal movement of the operating member 14.

In this embodiment, the piston 82 is coupled to the operating member 14 to be pushed in response to the pivotal movement of the operating member 14 from the rest position P11 toward the operated position P12. However, the piston 82 can be coupled to the operating member 14 to be pulled in response to the pivotal movement of the operating member 14 from the rest position P11 toward the operated position P12.

The piston 82 is movable relative to the base member 12 between an initial position P21 and an actuated position P22. The piston 82 is in the initial position P21 in the rest state where the operating member 14 is in the rest position P11. The piston 82 is in the actuated position P22 in the operated state where the operating member 14 is in the operated position P12.

The operating device 10 comprises a first seal member 84 and a second seal member 86. The first seal member 84 and the second seal member 86 are attached to the piston 82. The piston 82, the first seal member 84, and the cylinder bore 83 define a hydraulic chamber 88.

The operating device 10 comprises a first biasing member 90, a piston rod 92, and a coupling rod 94. The first biasing member 90 is provided in the hydraulic chamber 88 to bias the piston 82 toward the initial position P21. The piston rod 92 couples the piston 82 to the coupling rod 94. The piston rod 92 is pivotally coupled to the piston 82 and is pivotally coupled to the coupling rod 94.

As seen in FIGS. 14 and 15, the base member 12 includes a first guide groove 96 and a second guide groove 98. As seen in FIG. 13, the coupling rod 94 includes a first end 94A and a second end 94B. The coupling rod 94 extends between the first end 94A and the second end 94B. The first end 94A of the coupling rod 94 is movably provided in the first guide groove 96. The second end 94B of the coupling rod 94 is movably provided in the second guide groove 98.

The operating device 10 comprises a pivot pin 100. The base body 38 of the base member 12 includes pivot holes 101A and 101B. The pivot pin 100 defines the pivot axis A1. Both ends of the pivot pin 100 are provided in the pivot holes 101A and 101B. The pivot pin 100 pivotally couples the operating member 14 to the base member 12 about the pivot axis A1.

As seen in FIG. 12, the operating device 10 further comprises an adjustment structure 102 configured to adjust the rest position P11 of the operating member 14 with respect to the base member 12. The adjustment structure 102 operatively couples the operating member 14 to the piston 82. The adjustment structure 102 includes an intermediate member 104 and an adjustment screw 106.

As seen in FIG. 13, the intermediate member 104 is pivotally coupled to the operating member 14 about the pivot axis A1. As seen in FIG. 12, the intermediate member 104 is in contact with the coupling rod 94. The adjustment screw 106 is attached to the operating member 14 to change a relative position between the intermediate member 104 and the operating member 14. The adjustment screw 106 is in contact with the intermediate member 104. The operating member 14 includes a threaded hole 108. The adjustment screw 106 is threadedly engaged in the threaded hole 108 of the operating member 14. The adjustment screw 106 includes a tool engagement hole 106A configured to be engaged with a tool such as a hexagonal wrench.

As seen in FIG. 19, the adjustment screw 106 has a center axis A6. The adjustment structure 102 includes a half stopper 109. The half stopper 109 is attached to the operating member 14 to prevent the adjustment screw 106 from being unintentionally removed from the operating member 14. The operating member 14 includes a groove 102A. The half stopper 109 is provided in the groove 102A. The operating member 14 includes a cable recess 14R. The cable recess 14R is provided on an opposite side of the half stopper 109 relative to the adjustment screw 106. The control cable 154 (described later) extends through the cable recess 14R.

The operating device 10 includes a second biasing member 110. The second biasing member 110 is attached to the pivot pin 100 to bias the intermediate member 104 toward the adjustment screw 106 relative to the operating member 14. The pivot pin 100 supports the second biasing member 110 relative to the base member 12.

As seen in FIG. 12, the operating device 10 includes a third biasing member 111. The third biasing member 111 is attached to the base member 12 to bias the coupling rod 94 toward the intermediate member 104 relative to the base member 12. The pivot pin 100 supports the third biasing member 111 relative to the base member 12.

As seen in FIG. 14, the first end 94A of the coupling rod 94 is in contact with a first groove end 96A of the first guide groove 96 in a rest state where the piston 82 is in the initial position P21 (FIG. 12). The first biasing member 90 and the third biasing member 111 press the first end 94A of the coupling rod 94 against the first groove end 96A of the first guide groove 96 in the rest state where the piston 82 is in the initial position P21 (FIG. 12).

As seen in FIG. 15, the second end 94B of the coupling rod 94 is in contact with a second groove end 98A of the second guide groove 98 in the rest state where the piston 82 is in the initial position P21 (FIG. 12). The first biasing member 90 and the third biasing member 111 press the second end 94B of the coupling rod 94 against the second groove end 98A of the second guide groove 98 in the rest state where the piston 82 is in the initial position P21 (FIG. 12).

As seen in FIG. 12, the first biasing member 90 applies a first biasing force BF1 to the piston 82. The second biasing member 110 (FIG. 19) applies a second biasing force BF2 to the intermediate member 104. The third biasing member 111 applies a third biasing force BF3 to the coupling rod 94. The first biasing force BF1 is larger than the third biasing force BF3. However, the first biasing force BF1 can be equal to or smaller than the third biasing force BF3.

The base member 12 includes a reservoir bore 112. The reservoir bore 112 has a reservoir center axis A3. The reservoir bore 112 extends along the reservoir center axis A3. In this embodiment, the cylinder center axis A2 extends along the reservoir center axis A3. The cylinder center axis A2 is parallel to the reservoir center axis A3. However, the cylinder center axis A2 can be non-parallel to the reservoir center axis A3.

The operating device 10 comprises a diaphragm 114, a lid 116, a stopper 118, and a reservoir plug 120. The diaphragm 114 is provided in the reservoir bore 112 to close an end opening 112A of the reservoir bore 112. The reservoir bore 112 and the diaphragm 114 define a reservoir chamber 122. The lid 116 is attached to the base member 12 to hold an end of the diaphragm 114 between the lid 116 and the base member 12. The stopper 118 is secured to the base member 12 to prevent the lid 116 from being unintentionally removed from the base member 12. The base body 38 of the base member 12 includes a threaded hole 124 connected to the reservoir bore 112. The reservoir plug 120 is threadedly engaged in the threaded hole 124.

The base member 12 includes a plurality of connecting holes 126 and 128 connecting the reservoir bore 112 to the cylinder bore 83. The hydraulic chamber 88 is in fluid communication with the reservoir chamber 122 via the connecting hole 128 in a state where the piston 82 is in the initial position P21. The first seal member 84 blocks the fluid communication between the connecting hole 126 and the hydraulic chamber 88 after the first seal member 84 moves beyond the connecting hole 128 when the piston 82 moves from the initial position P21 toward the actuated position P22.

As seen in FIG. 12, the pivot axis A1 is provided above the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed along the pivot axis A1 in a mounting state where the base member 12 is mounted to the handlebar HB. The pivot axis A1 is provided above the reservoir center axis A3 as viewed along the pivot axis A1 in the mounting state. However, the pivot axis A1 can be provided below the cylinder center axis A2 or in a position which is the same as the position of the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed along the pivot axis A1 in the mounting state. The pivot axis A1 can be provided below the reservoir center axis A3 or in a position which is the same as the position of the reservoir center axis A3 as viewed along the pivot axis A1 in the mounting state.

As seen in FIG. 20, the cylinder center axis A2 is offset from the reservoir center axis A3 in the pivot axis direction D1 parallel to the pivot axis A1 (FIG. 12). The cylinder center axis A2 is offset from the reservoir center axis A3 in the perpendicular direction D3 perpendicular to both the pivot axis A1 (FIG. 12) and the cylinder center axis A2. The pivot axis A1 (FIG. 12) is provided above the cylinder center axis A2 and above the reservoir center axis A3 as viewed along the cylinder center axis A2 in the mounting state where the base member 12 is mounted to the handlebar HB. The reservoir center axis A3 is provided above the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed along the cylinder center axis A2 in the mounting state where the base member 12 is mounted to the handlebar HB.

The reservoir bore 112 has a cylindrical shape extending along the reservoir center axis A3. In this embodiment, the base member 12 includes a cylinder 129 having the reservoir bore 112. The reservoir bore 112 has a round cross-section taken along a plane perpendicular to the reservoir center axis A3. However, the cross-sectional shape of the reservoir bore 112 is not limited to this embodiment. The cross-section of the reservoir bore 112 can have other shapes such as a polygonal shape or an elliptical shape. In other words, the cylindrical shape can indicate not only a shape having the round cross-section but also a shape having other cross-section e.g., a polygonal cross-section, an elliptical cross-section and so on as long as the reservoir bore 112 extends along the reservoir center axis A3, in this description.

The cylinder bore 83 has a cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1. The reservoir bore 112 has a reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2 is larger than the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1. A first offset distance DS1 is defined between the cylinder center axis A2 and the reservoir center axis A3 in the pivot axis direction D1. The first offset distance DS1 is smaller than at least one of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The first offset distance DS1 is smaller than at least one of a half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and a half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2.

In this embodiment, the first offset distance DS1 is smaller than both the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The first offset distance DS1 is smaller than both the half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. However, the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2 can be equal to or smaller than the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1. The first offset distance DS1 can be smaller than the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 or the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The first offset distance DS1 can be smaller than the half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 or the half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The first offset distance DS1 can be equal to or larger than at least one of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The first offset distance DS1 can be equal to or larger than at least one of a half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and a half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2.

A second offset distance DS2 is defined between the cylinder center axis A2 and the reservoir center axis A3 in the perpendicular direction D3 perpendicular to both the pivot axis A1 and the cylinder center axis A2. The first offset distance DS1 is smaller the second offset distance DS2. The second offset distance DS2 is larger than at least one of a half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and a half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The second offset distance DS2 is larger than at least one of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2.

In this embodiment, the second offset distance DS2 is larger than both the half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The second offset distance DS2 is larger than both the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. However, the first offset distance DS1 can be equal to or larger than the second offset distance DS2. The second offset distance DS2 can be larger than the half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 or the half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The second offset distance DS2 can be larger than the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 or the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The second offset distance DS2 can be equal to or smaller than at least one of the half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2. The second offset distance DS2 can be equal to or smaller than at least one of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2.

For example, each of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2 ranges from 5 mm to 15 mm. In this embodiment, the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 is 10 mm. The reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2 is 10.4 mm. However, each of the cylinder maximum inner diameter DM1 and the reservoir maximum inner diameter DM2 is not limited to this embodiment and the above range.

For example, the first offset distance DS1 ranges from 1 mm to 15 mm. The first offset distance DS1 preferably ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm. The second offset distance DS2 ranges from 3 mm to 25 mm. The second offset distance DS2 preferably ranges from 6 m to 18 mm. In this embodiment, the first offset distance DS1 is 2 mm, and the second offset distance DS2 is 12.6 mm. However, each of the first offset distance DS1 and the second offset distance DS2 is not this embodiment and the above ranges.

As seen in FIG. 21, the base member 12 includes a hole 130 extending from the cylinder bore 83 to an end opening 132. The end opening 132 is provided below the cylinder center axis A2 in a mounting state where the base member 12 is mounted to the handlebar HB. The hole 130 has a hole center axis A4 inclined relative to the reference plane RP perpendicular to the pivot axis A1 (FIG. 13) as viewed along the cylinder center axis A2. The hole center axis A4 intersects with the cylinder center axis A2. However, the hole center axis A4 can be offset from the cylinder center axis A2. The base body 38 includes a tubular part 134 and an additional tubular part 136. The tubular part 134 includes the cylinder bore 83. The additional tubular part 136 includes the hole 130 and the end opening 132. The additional tubular part 136 extends from the tubular part 134 along the hole center axis A4.

The operating device 10 further comprises a plug 138 provided in the hole 130 to close the hole 130. The plug 138 is provided between the cylinder bore 83 and the end opening 132. The plug 138 is provided below the cylinder center axis A2 in the mounting state. The hole 130 includes a threaded hole 130A. The plug 138 includes an externally threaded part 138A threadedly engaged in the threaded hole 130A. The operating device 10 further comprises a stop pin 140 attached to the base member 12. The plug 138 is provided between the cylinder bore 83 and the stop pin 140. The plug 138 is attached to the additional tubular part 136. The base member 12 includes an attachment hole 142. The stop pin 140 is provided in the attachment hole 142. The hole 130, the plug 138, and the stop pin 140 can be omitted from the operating device 10.

The base member 12 includes an additional hole 144 extending from the cylinder bore 83 in a direction away from the hole 130. The additional hole 144 has an additional-hole center axis A5 coaxial with the hole center axis A4. The base member 12 includes an output passageway 146. The output passageway 146 is configured to be in fluid communication with the hydraulic operated device 2. The additional hole 144 connects the cylinder bore 83 to the output passageway 146. The additional hole 144 extends from the cylinder bore 83 to avoid the reservoir bore 112 as viewed along the cylinder center axis A2. However, the structure of the additional hole 144 is not limited to this embodiment. The additional hole 144 can be omitted from the base member 12.

As seen in FIG. 22, the base member 12 includes an additional member 148 attached to the base body 38 to at least partly cover the tubular part 134 of the base body 38. The additional member 148 includes an opening 148A. The additional tubular part 136 is provided in the opening 148A in a state where the additional member 148 is attached to the base body 38. The additional member 148 is a separate member from the base body 38 and the grip cover 40. However, the additional member 148 can be integrally provided with one of the base body 38 and the grip cover 40 as a one-piece unitary member. In this embodiment, the additional member 148 is attached to the base body 38 with an adhesive. However, the additional member 148 can be attached to the base body 38 with another attachment structure such as a screw. An exposure percentage of an outer circumferential surface of the tubular part 134 to an entire outer circumferential surface of a completely tubular part ranges from 80% to 95%. In this embodiment, the exposure percentage is 92%. However, the exposure percentage is not limited to this embodiment and the above range.

As seen in FIG. 23, the operating device 10 further comprises an electrical switch SW1, SW2, and/or SW3 configured to receive a user input. The electrical switch SW1, SW2, and/or SW3 is disposed on at least one of the base member 12 and the operating member 14. In this embodiment, the electrical switch SW1 is provided on the operating member 14. The electrical switch SW2 is provided on the operating member 14. The electrical switch SW3 is provided on the base member 12. Namely, the electrical switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 can be disposed on both the base member 12 and the operating member 14. However, the electrical switch can be disposed on only the base member 12 or only the operating member 14. The electrical switch can be disposed on other members of the operating device 10.

The electrical switch SW1 is configured to receive a user upshift input U1. The electrical switch SW2 is configured to receive a user downshift input U2. The electrical switch SW3 is configured to receive an additional user input U3 other than the user upshift input U1 and the user downshift input U2. However, the electrical switch SW3 can be configured to receive one of the user upshift input U1 and the user downshift input U2.

In this embodiment, the electrical switch SW3 is attached to the pommel portion 21. The base body 38 includes a base part 38A and a pommel frame 38B. The base part 38A includes an upper surface 38C. The upper surface 38C is provided above the pivot axis A1 in the mounting state where the base body 38 is mounted to the handlebar HB. The pommel frame 38B is provided on the upper surface 38C and extends from the upper surface 38C on an opposite side of the pivot axis A1. The electrical switch SW3 is secured to the pommel frame 38B. However, the position of the electrical switch SW3 is not limited to this embodiment.

The electrical switch SW3 includes a switch holder SW31 and a switch unit SW32. The switch holder SW31 is secured to the pommel frame 38B. The switch unit SW32 is secured to the switch holder SW31. The switch unit SW32 includes a base plate SW33 and a user operating portion SW34. The base plate SW33 is attached to the switch holder SW31. The user operating portion SW34 is movably attached to the base plate SW33 to receive the additional user input U3. The user operating portion SW34 faces in the first pivot axis direction D11.

As seen in FIG. 24, the electrical switch SW3 is offset from the reference plane RP in the pivot axis direction D1. Thus, the user can reliably operate the electrical switch SW3. Specifically, the user operating portion SW34 is provided closer to the first additional lateral surface 42 than to the second additional lateral surface 48 in the pivot axis direction D1. The user operating portion SW34 is movable relative to the switch holder SW31 in an operation direction D4. The operation direction D4 is non-perpendicular to the reference plane RP. The operation direction D4 is non-parallel to the reference plane RP. The operation direction D4 is inclined relative to the reference plane RP. The perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22) is defined perpendicular to both the pivot axis A1 and the cylinder center axis A2. The operation direction D4 is non-parallel to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22). The operation direction D4 is inclined relative to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22). However, the operation direction D4 can be perpendicular to the reference plane RP. The operation direction D4 can be parallel to the reference plane RP. The operation direction D4 can be perpendicular to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22). The operation direction D4 can be parallel to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22).

As seen in FIG. 25, the pommel frame 38B includes a base frame 38D, a first rib 38E, and a second rib 38F. The base frame 38D is provided on the upper surface 38C of the base part 38A and extends from the upper surface 38C. The first rib 38E and the second rib 38F are provided on the upper surface 38C of the base part 38A and extend from the upper surface 38C. The first rib 38E is spaced apart from the second rib 38F.

As seen in FIG. 26, the base frame 38D has an attachment surface 38G facing the operation direction D4. The pommel frame 38B includes a fourth rib 38H. The fourth rib 38H extends from the attachment surface 38G in the operation direction D4 to provide an attachment recess 38R. The electrical switch SW3 is provided in the attachment recess 38R. In this embodiment, the electrical switch SW3 is attached to the pommel frame 38B detachably without substantial damage. For example, the electrical switch SW3 is attached to the pommel frame 38B with fasteners such as screws. The electrical switch SW3 can be replaced with other components. Examples of the other components include another switch and a unit having substantially the same shape as that of the electrical switch SW3.

As seen in FIG. 24, the attachment surface 38G is non-perpendicular to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22). The attachment surface 38G is non-parallel to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22). The attachment surface 38G is inclined relative to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22). However, the attachment surface 38G can be perpendicular to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22). The attachment surface 38G can be parallel to the cylinder center axis A2 as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3 (FIG. 22).

As seen in FIG. 27, the operating device 10 further comprises a controller CR electrically connected to the electrical switch SW3 to generate a control signal based on an operation of the electrical switch SW3. Examples of the control signal include a control signal to control an electric device such as a bicycle seatpost, a bicycle suspension, a bicycle shifting device, a cycle computer, or a smart phone. The controller CR can be omitted from the operating device 10 or provided on a device other than the operating device 10.

The controller CR includes a processor CR1, a memory CR2, and a circuit board CR3. The processor CR1 and the memory CR2 are electrically mounted on the circuit board CR3. The processor CR1 is electrically connected to the memory CR2 with the circuit board CR3. The processor CR1 includes a central processing unit (CPU). The memory CR2 stores programs and other information. The memory CR2 includes a read only memory (ROM) and a random-access memory (RAM). For example, a program stored in the memory CR2 is read into the processor CR1, and thereby an algorithm of the controller CR is performed.

As seen in FIG. 28, the circuit board CR3 is attached to the base plate SW33 of the electrical switch SW3. The controller CR is integrated in the electrical switch SW3. In other words, the electrical switch SW3 is provided on the controller CR. In this embodiment, the switch unit SW32 includes a switch circuit SW35. The switch circuit SW35 is electrically mounted on the circuit board CR3. For example, the switch circuit SW35 includes a normally-open switch. However, the switch circuit SW35 can include other type of switch.

The user operating portion SW34 is contactable with the switch circuit SW35. The switch unit SW32 includes a flexible support SW36. The flexible support SW36 is attached to the base plate SW33 and movably supports the user operating portion SW34 in the operation direction D4 relative to the base plate SW33. In this embodiment, the user operating portion SW34 is integrally provided with the flexible support SW36 as a one-piece unitary member. However, the user operating portion SW34 can be a separate member from the flexible support SW36.

As seen in FIG. 27, the operating device 10 further comprises a cable connector CC provided at one of the base member 12 and the operating member 14. In this embodiment, the cable connector CC is provided at the base member 12. However, the cable connector CC can be provided at the operating member 14. The cable connector CC is electrically connected to the controller CR with a control cable 150. The cable connector CC includes a connection port CC1 (FIG. 29) to detachably receive the electric control cable 5 to electrically connect the electric control cable 5 to the controller CR.

As seen in FIG. 29, the base body 38 includes a connector attachment recess 152. The cable connector CC is provided in the connector attachment recess 152. The cable connector CC can be omitted from the operating device 10 or provided at a device other than the operating device 10.

As seen in FIG. 27, the operating device 10 comprises a communicator CM configured to transmit the control signal generated by the controller CR. In this embodiment, the communicator CM is configured to transmit the control signal generated by the controller CR using power line communication technology. However, the communicator CM can be configured to wirelessly transmit the control signal generated by the controller CR. In such an embodiment, the operating device 10 can comprise a power supply mounted in the electrical switch SW1, the electrical switch SW2, the electrical switch SW3, the controller CR, and/or the cable connector CC. Examples of the power supply include a battery and an electricity generation device (e.g., a piezoelectric element).

Power line communication (PLC) carries data on a conductor that is also used simultaneously for electric power transmission or electric power distribution to the electric devices 4 and 6. The communicator CM receives the control signal generated by the controller CR. The communicator CM superimposes the control signal on a power source voltage flowing in the electric control cable 5. The power source voltage is supplies from a power supply BT (e.g., a battery) with the electric control cable 5.

The electrical switches SW1 and SW2 are electrically connected to the controller CR. In this embodiment, the electrical switches SW1 and SW2 are electrically connected to the controller CR with a control cable 154. The controller CR respectively generates an upshift control signal and a downshift control signal based on the user upshift input U1 and the user downshift input U2. The controller CR can be configured to respectively control separate devices in response to control signals generated based on the electrical switches SW1, SW2, and SW3. The controller CR can be configured to control one device in response to control signals generated based on at least two of the electrical switches SW1, SW2, and SW3.

Second Embodiment

An operating device 210 in accordance with a second embodiment will be described below referring to FIGS. 30 and 31. The operating device 210 has the same structure as that of the operating device 10 except for the base body 38. Thus, elements having substantially the same function as those in the first embodiment will be numbered the same here and will not be described and/or illustrated again in detail here for the sake of brevity.

As seen in FIGS. 30 and 31, the operating device 210 comprises a base member 212 including a base body 238. The base member 212 has substantially the same structure as that of the base member 12. The base body 238 has substantially the same structure as that of the base body 38. In this embodiment, the position PA1 of the pivot axis A1 can be changed to at least one other positions. For example, the base body 238 includes additional pivot holes 101C and 101D in addition to the pivot holes 101A and 101B. The position PA1 of the pivot axis A1 can be changed to a position PA2 by inserting the pivot pin 100 into the additional pivot holes 101C and 101D. Thus, the base body 238 can be shared with different types of the operating device. Furthermore, the user can change the position of the pivot axis A1 in accordance with the size of the user's hand. The positional relationship between the positions PA1 and PA2 is not limited to this embodiment. For example, the positions PA1 and PA2 can be arranged in the perpendicular direction D3 while the positions PA1 and PA2 are arranged in the longitudinal direction D2 in the second embodiment.

Third Embodiment

An operating device 310 in accordance with a third embodiment will be described below referring to FIGS. 32 and 33. The operating device 310 has the same structure as that of the operating device 10 except for the operating member 14. Thus, elements having substantially the same function as those in the above embodiments will be numbered the same here and will not be described and/or illustrated again in detail here for the sake of brevity.

In the first embodiment, as seen in FIG. 4, the operating member 14 substantially linearly extends from the proximal end 14A to the distal end 14B as viewed in the longitudinal direction D2 (FIG. 2) of the base member 12. As seen in FIG. 32, the operating device 310 comprises an operating member 314. The operating member 314 has substantially the same structure as that of the operating member 14 of the first embodiment. The operating member 314 extends from the proximal end 14A to the distal end 14B such that the distal end 14B is offset from the proximal end 14A in the pivot axis direction D1 as viewed along the cylinder center axis A2. As seen in FIG. 33, the operating member 314 includes lever recess 14C and the projection 14D.

Fourth Embodiment

An operating device 410 in accordance with a fourth embodiment will be described below referring to FIGS. 34 to 36. The operating device 410 has the same structure as that of the operating device 10 except for the base member 12. Thus, elements having substantially the same function as those in the above embodiments will be numbered the same here and will not be described and/or illustrated again in detail here for the sake of brevity.

As seen in FIG. 34, the operating device 410 comprises a base member 412. The base member 412 has substantially the same structure as that of the base member 12 of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the base member 412 includes at least one projecting part provided on an outer surface of the base member 412. The base member 412 includes a first projecting part 413A, a second projecting part 413B, and a third projecting part 413C. The first projecting part 413A is provided on the grip cover 40 to improve grip of the base member 412. The second projecting part 413B is provided on the grip cover 40 to improve grip of the base member 412. The third projecting part 413C is provided on the grip cover 40 to improve grip of the base member 412.

The first projecting part 413A is provided on the reference surface 74. The second projecting part 413B is provided on the reference surface 74. The third projecting part 413C is provided on the reference surface 74. However, at least one of the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C can be provided in other positions such as the first surface 78 or the curved surface 81.

In this embodiment, the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C are spaced apart from each other. However, at least one of the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C can be integrally provided with the other of the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C as a one-piece part.

In this embodiment, the base member 412 includes a plurality of first projecting parts 413A, a plurality of second projecting parts 413B, and a plurality of third projecting parts 413C. A total number of the first projecting parts 413A is not limited to this embodiment. A total number of the second projecting parts 413B is not limited to this embodiment. A total number of the third projecting parts 413C is not limited to this embodiment.

The first projecting part 413A has a first width W41. The second projecting part 413B has a second width W42. The third projecting part 413C has a third width W43. The first width W41, the second width W42, and the third width W43 are equal to each other. However, at least one of the first width W41, the second width W42, and the third width W43 can be different from the other of the first width W41, the second width W42, and the third width W43.

The second projecting part 413B extends in a direction different from a direction in which the first projecting part 413A extends and a direction in which the third projecting part 413C extends as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3. As seen in FIG. 35, however, the direction of the second projecting part 413B can be identical to the direction of the first projecting part 413A and the direction of the third projecting part 413C as viewed in the perpendicular direction D3.

As seen in FIG. 36, the first projecting part 413A has a first amount of protrusion AP41 defined from the reference surface 74. The second projecting part 413B has a second amount of protrusion AP42 defined from the reference surface 74. The third projecting part 413C has a third amount of protrusion AP43 defined from the reference surface 74. The first amount of protrusion AP41 is different from the second amount of protrusion AP42 and the third amount of protrusion AP43. The first amount of protrusion AP41 is smaller than the second amount of protrusion AP42 and the third amount of protrusion AP43. The second amount of protrusion AP42 is equal to the third amount of protrusion AP43. However, the first amount of protrusion AP41 can be equal to or larger than the second amount of protrusion AP42 and/or the third amount of protrusion AP43. The second amount of protrusion AP42 can be different from the third amount of protrusion AP43.

Fifth Embodiment

An operating device 510 in accordance with a fifth embodiment will be described below referring to FIGS. 37 and 38. The operating device 510 has the same structure as that of the operating device 410 except for the arrangement of the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C. Thus, elements having substantially the same function as those in the above embodiments will be numbered the same here and will not be described and/or illustrated again in detail here for the sake of brevity.

As seen in FIG. 37, the operating device 510 comprises a base member 512. The base member 512 has substantially the same structure as that of the base member 412 of the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the base member 512 includes at least one projecting part provided on an outer surface of the base member 512. The base member 512 includes a first projecting part 513A and a second projecting part 513B. The base member 512 includes a plurality of first projecting parts 513A and a plurality of second projecting parts 513B. Parts corresponding to the third projecting part 413C are omitted from the base member 512.

At least one of the first projecting parts 513A is provided on the first surface 78. The remaining of the first projecting parts 513A is provided on the curved surface 81. The plurality of second projecting parts 513B is provided on the reference surface 74. However, the plurality of first projecting parts 513A can be provided on only the first surface 78 or only the curved surface 81. The plurality of first projecting parts 513A can be at least partly provided on the reference surface 74. The plurality of second projecting parts 513B can be at least partly provided on at least one of the first surface 78 and the curved surface 81.

The first projecting part 513A has a first width W51. The second projecting part 513B has a second width W52. The first width W51 is different from the second width W52. In this embodiment, the first width W51 is larger than the second width W52. However, the first width W51 can be equal to or smaller than the second width W52.

As seen in FIG. 38, the first projecting part 513A has a first amount of protrusion AP51 defined from the first surface 78 or the curved surface 81. The second projecting part 513B has a second amount of protrusion AP52 defined from the reference surface 74. The first amount of protrusion AP51 is different from the second amount of protrusion AP52. In this embodiment, the first amount of protrusion AP51 is smaller than the second amount of protrusion AP52. However, the first amount of protrusion AP51 can be equal to or larger than the second amount of protrusion AP52.

Sixth Embodiment

An operating device 610 in accordance with a sixth embodiment will be described below referring to FIGS. 39 and 40. The operating device 610 has the same structure as that of the operating device 410 except for the arrangement of the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C. Thus, elements having substantially the same function as those in the above embodiments will be numbered the same here and will not be described and/or illustrated again in detail here for the sake of brevity.

As seen in FIG. 39, the operating device 610 comprises a base member 612. The base member 612 has substantially the same structure as that of the base member 412 of the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the base member 612 includes at least one projecting part provided on an outer surface of the base member 612. The base member 612 includes a first projecting part 613A and a second projecting part 613B. The base member 612 includes a plurality of first projecting parts 613A and a plurality of second projecting parts 613B. Parts corresponding to the third projecting part 413C are omitted from the base member 612.

The plurality of first projecting parts 613A is provided on the curved surface 81. The plurality of second projecting parts 613B is provided on the reference surface 74. However, the plurality of first projecting parts 613A can be at least partly provided on other surfaces such as the reference surface 74 and the first surface 78. The plurality of second projecting parts 613B can be at least partly provided on other surfaces such as the first surface 78 and the curved surface 81.

The first projecting part 613A has a first width W61. The second projecting part 613B has a second width W62. The first width W61 is different from the second width W62. In this embodiment, the first width W61 is constant in the first projecting part 613A. The second width W62 varies from one end of the second projecting part 613B to the other end of the second projecting part 613B. The second width W62 is equal to or larger than the first width W61. However, the first width W61 can vary from one end of the first projecting part 613A to the other end of the first projecting part 613A. The second width W62 can be constant in the second projecting part 613B.

As seen in FIG. 40, the first projecting part 613A has a first amount of protrusion AP61 defined from the curved surface 81. The second projecting part 613B has a second amount of protrusion AP62 defined from the reference surface 74. The first amount of protrusion AP61 is different from the second amount of protrusion AP62. In this embodiment, the first amount of protrusion AP61 varies from one end of the first projecting part 613A to the other end of the first projecting part 613A. The second amount of protrusion AP62 varies from one end of the second projecting part 613B to the other end of the second projecting part 613B. However, the first amount of protrusion AP61 can be constant in the first protruding part 613A. The second amount of protrusion AP62 can be constant in the second protruding part 613B.

Seventh Embodiment

An operating device 710 in accordance with a seventh embodiment will be described below referring to FIG. 41. The operating device 710 has the same structure as that of the operating device 410 except for the arrangement of the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C. Thus, elements having substantially the same function as those in the above embodiments will be numbered the same here and will not be described and/or illustrated again in detail here for the sake of brevity.

As seen in FIG. 41, the operating device 710 comprises a base member 712. The base member 712 has substantially the same structure as that of the base member 412 of the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the base member 712 includes at least one projecting part provided on an outer surface of the base member 712. The base member 712 includes a first projecting part 713A, a second projecting part 713B, and a third projecting part 713C. The base member 712 includes a plurality of first projecting parts 713A, a plurality of second projecting parts 713B, and a plurality of third projecting parts 713C.

The plurality of first projecting parts 713A is provided on the curved surface 81. The plurality of second projecting parts 713B is provided on the reference surface 74. The plurality of third projecting parts 713C is provided on the reference surface 74. However, the plurality of first projecting parts 713A can be at least partly provided on the reference surface 74 and/or the first surface 78. The plurality of second projecting parts 713B can be at least partly provided on the first surface 78 and/or the curved surface 81.

The first projecting part 713A has a first width W71. The second projecting part 713B has a second width W72. The third projecting part 713C has a third width W73. In this embodiment, the first width W71, the second width W72, and the third width W73 are equal to each other. However, at least one of the first width W71, the second width W72, and the third width W73 can be different from the other of the first width W71, the second width W72, and the third width W73.

The first projecting part 713A has the first amount of protrusion AP41 (FIG. 36) as well as the first projecting part 413A. The second projecting part 713B has the second amount of protrusion AP42 (FIG. 36) as well as the second projecting part 413B. The third projecting part 713C has the third amount of protrusion AP43 (FIG. 36) as well as the third projecting part 413C. However, the amount of protrusion of the first projecting part 713A is not limited to this embodiment. The amount of protrusion of the second projecting part 713B is not limited to this embodiment. The amount of protrusion of the third projecting part 713C is not limited to this embodiment.

Eighth Embodiment

An operating device 810 in accordance with an eighth embodiment will be described below referring to FIG. 42. The operating device 810 has the same structure as that of the operating device 410 except for the arrangement of the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C. Thus, elements having substantially the same function as those in the above embodiments will be numbered the same here and will not be described and/or illustrated again in detail here for the sake of brevity.

As seen in FIG. 42, the operating device 810 comprises a base member 812. The base member 812 has substantially the same structure as that of the base member 412 of the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the base member 812 includes at least one projecting part provided on an outer surface of the base member 812. The base member 812 includes a first projecting part 813A and a second projecting part 813B. The base member 812 includes a plurality of first projecting parts 813A and a plurality of second projecting parts 813B. Parts corresponding to the third projecting part 413C are omitted from the base member 812.

The plurality of first projecting parts 813A is provided on the reference surface 74. The plurality of second projecting parts 813B is provided on the reference surface 74. However, the plurality of first projecting parts 813A can be at least partly provided on the first surface 78 and/or the curved surface 81. The plurality of second projecting parts 813B can be at least partly provided on the first surface 78 and/or the curved surface 81.

The first projecting part 813A has a first width W81. The second projecting part 813B has a second width W82. In this embodiment, the first width W81 is equal to the second width W82. However, the first width W81 can be different from the second width W82.

The first projecting part 813A has the first amount of protrusion AP41 (FIG. 36) as well as the first projecting part 413A. The second projecting part 813B has the second amount of protrusion AP42 (FIG. 36) as well as the second projecting part 413B. However, the amount of protrusion of the first projecting part 813A is not limited to this embodiment. The amount of protrusion of the second projecting part 813B is not limited to this embodiment.

The first projecting part 813A includes a first part 813A1 and a second part 813A2. The second part 813A2 extends in a direction different from a direction in which the first part 813A1 extends. The first part 813A1 is integrally provided with the second part 813A2. However, the first part 813A1 can be a separate part from the second part 813A2.

Ninth Embodiment

An operating device 910 in accordance with a ninth embodiment will be described below referring to FIG. 43. The operating device 910 has the same structure as that of the operating device 410 except for the arrangement of the first projecting part 413A, the second projecting part 413B, and the third projecting part 413C. Thus, elements having substantially the same function as those in the above embodiments will be numbered the same here and will not be described and/or illustrated again in detail here for the sake of brevity.

As seen in FIG. 43, the operating device 910 comprises a base member 912. The base member 912 has substantially the same structure as that of the base member 412 of the fourth embodiment. In this embodiment, the base member 912 includes at least one projecting part provided on an outer surface of the base member 912. The base member 912 includes a first projecting part 913A and a second projecting part 913B. The base member 912 includes a plurality of first projecting parts 913A and a plurality of second projecting parts 913B. Parts corresponding to the third projecting part 413C are omitted from the base member 912.

The plurality of first projecting parts 913A is provided on the reference surface 74. The plurality of second projecting parts 913B is provided on the reference surface 74. However, the plurality of first projecting parts 913A can be at least partly provided on the first surface 78 and/or the curved surface 81. The plurality of second projecting parts 913B can be at least partly provided on the first surface 78 and/or the curved surface 81.

The first projecting part 913A has a first width W91. The second projecting part 913B has a second width W92. In this embodiment, the first width W91 is equal to the second width W92. However, the first width W91 can be different from the second width W82.

The first projecting part 913A has the first amount of protrusion AP41 (FIG. 36) as well as the first projecting part 413A. The second projecting part 913B has the second amount of protrusion AP42 (FIG. 36) as well as the second projecting part 413B. However, the amount of protrusion of the first projecting part 913A is not limited to this embodiment. The amount of protrusion of the second projecting part 913B is not limited to this embodiment.

At least one of the first to ninth embodiments can be combined with another of the first to ninth embodiments.

The term “comprising” and its derivatives, as used herein, are intended to be open ended terms that specify the presence of the stated features, elements, components, groups, integers, and/or steps, but do not exclude the presence of other unstated features, elements, components, groups, integers and/or steps. This concept also applies to words of similar meaning, for example, the terms “have,” “include” and their derivatives.

The terms “member,” “section,” “portion,” “part,” “element,” “body” and “structure” when used in the singular can have the dual meaning of a single part or a plurality of parts.

The ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” recited in the present application are merely identifiers, but do not have any other meanings, for example, a particular order and the like. Moreover, for example, the term “first element” itself does not imply an existence of “second element,” and the term “second element” itself does not imply an existence of “first element.”

The term “pair of,” as used herein, can encompass the configuration in which the pair of elements have different shapes or structures from each other in addition to the configuration in which the pair of elements have the same shapes or structures as each other.

The terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more” and “at least one” can be used interchangeably herein.

Finally, terms of degree such as “substantially,” “about” and “approximately” as used herein mean a reasonable amount of deviation of the modified term such that the end result is not significantly changed. All of numerical values described in the present application can be construed as including the terms such as “substantially,” “about” and “approximately.”

Obviously, numerous modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An operating device comprising: a base member having a first end portion configured to be mounted to one of a dropdown portion and a bar end portion of a handlebar, the base member including a cylinder bore having a cylinder center axis, and a reservoir bore having a reservoir center axis; and an operating member pivotally coupled to the base member about a pivot axis, the cylinder center axis being offset, within an outer perimeter of the operating device, from the reservoir center axis in a pivot axis direction parallel to the pivot axis and in a perpendicular direction perpendicular to both the pivot axis and the cylinder center axis, wherein a cylindrical portion of the cylinder bore is disposed between the operating member and the first end portion.
 2. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the pivot axis is provided above the cylinder center axis in a mounting state where the base member is mounted to the handlebar.
 3. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir center axis is provided above the cylinder center axis in a mounting state where the base member is mounted to the handlebar.
 4. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder center axis is non-parallel to the reservoir center axis.
 5. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder center axis is parallel to the reservoir center axis.
 6. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir bore has a round cross-section extending along the reservoir center axis.
 7. The operating device according to claim 5, wherein the cylinder bore has a cylinder maximum inner diameter, the reservoir bore has a reservoir maximum inner diameter, a first offset distance is defined between the cylinder center axis and the reservoir center axis in the pivot axis direction, and the first offset distance is smaller than at least one of the cylinder maximum inner diameter and the reservoir maximum inner diameter.
 8. The operating device according to claim 7, wherein the first offset distance is smaller than at least one of a half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter and a half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter.
 9. The operating device according to claim 8, wherein a second offset distance is defined between the cylinder center axis and the reservoir center axis in the perpendicular direction perpendicular to both the pivot axis and the cylinder center axis, and the first offset distance is smaller the second offset distance.
 10. The operating device according to claim 9, wherein the second offset distance is larger than at least one of a half of the cylinder maximum inner diameter and a half of the reservoir maximum inner diameter.
 11. The operating device according to claim 10, wherein the second offset distance is larger than at least one of the cylinder maximum inner diameter and the reservoir maximum inner diameter.
 12. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder bore has a cylinder maximum inner diameter, the reservoir bore has a reservoir maximum inner diameter, and the reservoir maximum inner diameter is larger than the cylinder maximum inner diameter.
 13. The operating device according to claim 1, wherein the base member includes a second end portion opposite to the first end portion, and a grip portion provided between the first end portion and the second end portion.
 14. The operating device according to claim 1, further comprising an electrical switch configured to receive a user input.
 15. The operating device according to claim 14, wherein the electrical switch is provided on the operating member.
 16. An operating device comprising: a base member configured to be mounted to one of a dropdown portion and a bar end portion of a handlebar, the base member including a cylinder bore having a cylinder center axis, and a reservoir bore having a reservoir center axis; and an operating member pivotally coupled to the base member about a pivot axis, the pivot axis is provided entirely above the cylinder bore in a mounting state where the base member is mounted to the handlebar, the cylinder center axis being offset from the reservoir center axis in a pivot axis direction parallel to the pivot axis.
 17. The operating device according to claim 16, wherein the pivot axis is provided above the reservoir center axis in the mounting state.
 18. An operating device comprising: a base member including a cylinder bore having a cylinder center axis, and a hole extending from the cylinder bore to an end opening, the end opening being provided below the cylinder center axis in a mounting state where the base member is mounted to a handlebar; an operating member pivotally coupled to the base member about a pivot axis; a piston movably provided in the cylinder bore and is operatively coupled to the operating member to move relative to the base member in response to a pivotal movement of the operating member; and a plug provided in the hole to close the hole.
 19. The operating device according to claim 18, wherein the hole has a hole center axis inclined relative to a reference plane perpendicular to the pivot axis as viewed along the cylinder center axis.
 20. The operating device according to claim 18, wherein the plug is provided between the cylinder bore and the end opening.
 21. The operating device according to claim 18, wherein the plug is provided below the cylinder center axis in the mounting state.
 22. The operating device according to claim 18, wherein the hole includes a threaded hole, and the plug includes an externally threaded part threadedly engaged in the threaded hole.
 23. The operating device according to claim 18, further comprising a stop pin attached to the base member, wherein the plug is provided between the cylinder bore and the stop pin.
 24. The operating device according to claim 18, wherein the base member includes an additional hole extending from the cylinder bore in a direction away from the hole.
 25. The operating device according to claim 24, wherein the additional hole has an additional-hole center axis coaxial with the hole center axis.
 26. The operating device according to claim 24, wherein the base member includes an output passageway, and the additional hole connects the cylinder bore to the output passageway.
 27. The operating device according to claim 24, wherein the base member includes a reservoir bore, and the additional hole extends from the cylinder bore to avoid the reservoir bore as viewed along the cylinder center axis. 